At present

China is undergoing a critical period of economic and social transformation and upgrading

where urban development faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges. In order to address multiple pressures including irrational spatial structures

aging infrastructure

and industrial transformation and upgrading in urban construction

the development of digital cities needs to present new impetus on the basis of existing development

accelerate the establishment of a new model of digital city construction that integrates planning

construction

management and operation (PCMO)

and promote the transformation of digital cities from construction as the main focus to long-term sustainable operation. Such transformation is not only crucial for the sustainable development of digital cities but also represents an inevitable requirement for fulfilling the public's aspirations for a better quality of life.