Because the data information of traditional road engineering survey technology is not accurate enough, the application of UAV aerial survey in road engineering survey is studied. This paper establishes 3D road survey model and auxiliary survey model to collect 3D remote sensing images of road engineering; It acquires plane functions by Radon transformation, converts color images into grayscale images, and extracts image line features through edge pixels; It filters 3D remote sensing images, and produce road engineering data information by using UAV aerial survey technology. The test results show that the average accuracy of the application in the target identification is 95.17% after the UAV aerial survey technology is applied in road engineering survey.